interested in keeping up with astrophysics discoveries?

this is the place

note:  for Nature and Science published articles,
original articles can be accessed if you are using an NCSSM (or university) IP address;
links provided to these articles are only abstracts

(feedback, questions, submission suggestions are welcome at kolena@gmail.com)



solar system



stellar physics



exoplanets



galaxies & cosmology



particle & quantum
physics

                            

cultural literacy

                       
       

teaching & education

                                           

late April 2014



missed the partial
solar eclipse of
4/29/14?

(Earth & Sky)
pictures here

and, anyway,
why aren't there
eclipses at every
new or full moon?

(Earth & Sky)
short answer:
because Earth's
orbit around the sun
isn't coplanar with
Moon's orbit
about Earth




Landing on Mars
in 20 years?
NASA unrealism

(Washington Post)
why not let
robots go first?

and anyway,
There's no escape
in space colonies...

(Science 2.0)
why there's not much
practical point in
colonizing Mars



Clues to the early
Martian atmosphere

(Astronomy magazine)
from Martian
meteorites found
on Earth



evidence for
26 kiloton-plus
explosions in
Earth's atmosphere
caused by
asteroids

(Earth & Sky)
how long will
our luck  hold?

watch (where) the
asteroids hit

(New Scientist)



Vitamin B
from meteorites?

(Earth&Sky)
but it also could
have been synthesized
chemically on
ancient Earth





stellar evolution
in real time?

(Sky & Telescope)
are we finally
seeing the
long-predicted,
but never observed,
'helium shell flash'
at the center of
the Sting Ray?



the first self-lensing
eclipsing binary

(Science)
white dwarf and
G m.s. star
produce a light
curve with one
eclipse and
one gravitationally-
lensed brightening



How unusual is
our solar system?

(Astrobites)
not very, at least
when it comes to
the planets'
nearly circular
orbits...
the more planets
a system has,
the more circular
the orbits



Kepler 186f,
first "habitable
Earth twin"
discovered

(S F State U)
or so it's hyped...
it's 10% larger
than Earth,
it orbits an
M star near the
outer edge of
its habitable zone,
so not exactly
an 'Earth twin'

published article
(Science)

commentary
(Science)
makes the point
that this system
only fulfills 2
conditions,
(Earth-sized and
in the habitable zone)
but not the 3rd
(orbits around a
sun-like star)



Space Oceans
and the
Search for Life

(WBUR OnPoint)
1-hr discussion
of Enceladus and
the new
habitable-zone
planet discovery




How central black holes
affect galactic
shapes and colors

(Astronomy magazine)
larger black holes
at the center seem
to stop star formation



2 supermassive
black holes in
the same galaxy

(Max Planck Institute)
the first pair found
in a normal galaxy,
and smoking-gun
evidence for
galactic mergers



was the
BICEP2 result
contaminated by
a stellar explosion?

(New Scientist)
it may take results from
Planck, later this year,
to settle the issue



The dark side of inflation
(New Scientist)
have we seen all
there is to see?
perhaps inflation
hides not only the
real Big Bang but
any evidence of
quantum gravity







Supersymmetry and
the Crisis in Physics

(Scientific American
May 2014 issue)
prove it right in the
next year or
confront an epochal
paradigm shift


Is Spacetime
like a Liquid?

(Earth & Sky)



quality of life

How well-educated
is your home county?

(Washington Post)
this map tells you...
Raleigh/Durham is
near the top


In the long run,
wars make us
safer and richer

(Washington Post)
disappointing to know


income & inequality

High Plains
Moochers

(Paul Krugman, NYT)
the dumbing down
of the American
right wing...
except there isn't
much more room
at the bottom


The Sense of
Entitlement of the
Rich and Privileged

(Washington Post)
why can't we say 'stop'?


Why only one top
banker went to
jail in the financial
crisis

(NY Times Magazine)
"mistakes were made"
by prosecutors


The Pay Gap is
because of gender,
not jobs

(NY Times)
Republicans' willful misunderstanding
of the numbers


A tough few
weeks for
Obamacare bashers

(Politico)
Ted Cruz's worst
nightmare is
coming true


Losing the Lead
(NY Times)
US middle-class
no longer the richest
in the world


voting fraud
(and its absence)


The Voter-Fraud
Myth

(New Yorker)
the story of the
Republican lawyer
who stoked
fear about impostors
at the polls


economics
and Thomas Piketty

Capital Man
(Chronicle of Higher Ed)
Is Thomas Piketty
economics' biggest
sensation or its
biggest critic?


Why we're in a new
Gilded Age

(Paul Krugman, NP,
NY Review of Books)

"
the incomes of the 1%  ...
are actually the big story
in rising inequality'


Inequality is not
the problem

(NY Review of Books)
"
the central fact is
that the welfare of
Americans depends
on faster economic
growth"



The Power of
Piketty's Capital

(The Nation)
"a brilliant book has
named the problem
of our time"


Capital Punishment
(Foreign Affairs)
"why a global tax on
wealth won't end
inequality"



the future of America?

Could America
become Mississippi?

(Slate)
demographics,
conservatism, and
racial polarization

Could America
become a
banana republic?

(Norm Ornstein)


science

How scientific
inquiry works

(Dublin Review of Books)
a review of
"Are we all scientific
experts now?"
based on a study
of gravitational-wave
researchers


math

Math spying : the quandary
of working for the spooks

(New Scientist)
would-be employees
must realise that
their work is misused
to snoop on everyone



Game of Primes ends
as math gets too hard

(New Scientist)


not science

 Chicken Little
Science

(Tribune Media)
the right wing and
anti-science


What Whole Foods
doesn't tell you

(Science Based Medicine)
Whole Foods
homeopathy


What's wrong with
TED talks

(YouTube)
the relative
worthlessness of
TED talks
(with an example
about astrophysics)


 Immanuel Velikovsky
and the rise of the
scientific fringe

(The Nation)
his works theorized that
Venus was a comet
expelled by Jupiter,
and its close encounter
with Earth triggered
the plagues of Egypt
and the Exodus




Legacies in
college admissions

(NY Times)
we can give
preferences to the 1%,
but not to diversity?
wow.


NC and 'Common Core'

NC legislature committee
recommends replacing
Common Core with
state standards

(Raleigh N&O)
to address "NC's
special needs"....
as in lower standards?

or maybe we just need
higher standards
for elected office?


Common Core in NC:
Fact vs. Fiction

(Charlotte Observer)

- - - - - - - - - - - - -

How NOT to determine
teacher salaries

(LtE: Raleigh N&O)



Judge halts NC
end-of-tenure law

(Raleigh N&O)
at least in Guilford
and Durham counties;
prospects for rest
of the state uncertain


Why are White House
interns still unpaid?

(Washington Post)
why isn't the
President leading
by example?


Wake County
sees 'alarming'
increase in mid-year
teacher resignations

(Raleigh N&O)
gee, could it be
related to the following:


NC legislature
to teachers:
just kidding
about that raise

(Raleigh N&O)
'more study needed'

NC to teachers:
sorry, no pay raise

(Raleigh N&O)
legislature says NC
is too "cash-strapped"
(after a 2.4 billion $
pay cut for the well off)
to afford a raise


early April 2014



if you missed
the
total lunar eclipse of
tuesday (4/5/14)
morning
,
some pictures:
Earth & Sky
Raleigh N&O

rewind:
watch a replay of
the lunar eclipse
(all 3 hours!)



Is Saturn creating
a new moon?

(NASA Cassini)



evidence
for 3.3-billion-year
asteroid impact
found in Africa

(American Geophysics Union)
30-mile-diameter
collision with
Earth would have
created world-wide
earthquake &
boiled oceans




A subsurface water
ocean on Enceladus

(Cassini)
the most promising
place to look for life
in the solar system?


published article
and commentary
(Science)

commentary
NY Times
Washington Post



Aurora alert
for April 1 & 2

(Earth & Sky)
as a consequence
of a coronal mass
ejection  and
X-ray flare on
March 29







NC State's
Steve Reynolds
studies supernovae
with Nustar

(Raleigh N&O)
local boy
does good




Mystery of
polluted atmospheres
solved?

(Astronomy)
why do white dwarf
atmospheres have
excess metals?
they ate their planets
earlier in their
lives







parallax distances
extended by a
factor of 10x
with 'ingenious
new method'

(Hubble)



Is Segue 1,
Milky Way
companion,
a fossil galaxy?

(Scientific American)
its virtually-all-H/He
composition is telling
us something important




the 'morning'
after (BICEP2) thoughts
on inflation:

inflation headaches
(Science)
the simplest inflation
models appear to
be ruled out

Wrinkles and
discrepancies

(New Scientist)
too much of
a good thing?


death-blow to
pre-Big-Bang and
ekpyrotic universes

(Scientific American)
an interview with
Gabriele Veneziano


multiverse controversy
heats up

(Scientific American)
well, at least the
hot air from the
pros and cons does


multiverse is still
'not even wrong'

(Peter Woit)
as in neither provable
or disprovable

doubters' corner:

John Horgan,
Scientific American

Peter Coles,
In the Dark

-----------------------------------

inflation  resources:
(in order of
increasing complexity)

All about
cosmic inflation



inflation,
on the back of an envelope



TASI inflation
lectures

(156 pages,
advanced undergrad)


-----------------------------------

the case for
a multiverse


the case against


-----------------------------------

A new galactic
yardstick

(Sky & Telescope)
using AGNs as
standard candles
to measure the
Hubble constant?



Diane Rehm show
tackles
gravitational waves
& the Big Bang:
for an hour @ 11 am,
Tuesday April 1

(Diane Rehm show)
not an April fool...
with Mario Livio
and
Paul Steinhardt
(the show's topic is,
curiously, listed as
"environmental",
not  "science")






Dark Matter
annihilating at
the Milky Way's core?

(Scientific American)


A 3rd peta-ev
neutrino shows
up in IceCube

(Scientific American)



An unexpected
and exotic par
ticle
at the LHC

(The Conversation)
a possible
tetraquark:
charm, anticharm,
down & anti-up
(reportedly at
14 sigma)



climate change

IPCC report:
governments need to
do more to avoid  a
climate disaster

(Washington Post)
as usual,
the comments
after the article
say a lot about the
country we live in



Time for Climate
Scientists to
Go on Strike

(Bill McKibben)
Science has worked;
Politics has failed...
it's time to
stop churning out
more reports


voting (suppression)

Rage,
and why it's
appropriate

(NY Times)
the Republican
campaign to
inhibit voting


Combating GOP
efforts to restrict
youth voting

(Raleigh N&O)
the depths to
which Republicans
have gone to stop
people from voting


CIA & 'interrogation'

Declassify the
report on CIA
interrogation
and torture

(Diane Feinstein &
Jay Rockefeller)


The correct response
to torture is
outrage

(Washington Post)
whether torture
works or not
is irrelevant...

--------------------------

US ranks a
sobering 16th
in "Social Progress"

(NY Times)
our military and
economic strengths
don't translate
into social well-being

country rankings






NC Legislators:
"We'll work to
raise teachers pay"

(Raleigh N&O)
“How do you justify
funding public
 education by forcing
teachers  to go on
public welfare?”

Read more here: http://www.newsobserver.com/2014/04/09/3771730/legislators-say-they-will-work.html?sp=/99/100/&ihp=1#storylink=cpy



Research shows that
serious reading
takes a hit from
internet use

(Washington Post)
as if anyone who
reached adulthood
in the pre-internet era
doesn't know this
from personal
experience



Don't help your
kids with their
homework

(Atlantic)
and other
do's and dont's
for parents




Why Asian-Americans
kids excel....
It's not Tiger Moms

(Washington Post)
although it might be
the choices that
the Tiger Moms
(and Dads) make


late March 2014



Discovery of most
distant dwarf planet
hints at inner
Oort cloud

(NY Times)
250-mi-diameter
object is 80 au
from sun at nearest
(i.e., beyond the
Kuiper belt)

PLUS indications of
larger-than-Earth-sized
object farther out?

Nature article
and commentary

commentary from
the discoverers

(Carnegie)



Active volcanoes
on Venus?

(Sky & Telescope)
transient hot
spots on the surface
add to other
circumstantial
evidence (e.g.,
transient atmospheric
sulfur dioxide changes)




First asteroid
discovered with rings

(Earth & Sky)
only the 5th body in
the solar system found
with rings (after the
4 giant planets)...

Chariklo is the
largest of the Centaurs



The Incredible Shrinking
Mercury

(Sky & Telescope)
during cooling,
Mercury  shrank
in diameter by 14 km



First interactive mosaic
of lunar north pole

(NASA JPL)




Supermassive
Pop III stars:
a new way to die?

(Astrobites)
stars with an
initial mass of a
few hundred thousand
solar masses (!!)
might be the
precursors of
SMBHs at
galactic centers...
so far, only
computer models,
no confirming
observations



Massive star's
companion
survives supernova

(Astronomy)
only the 3rd such
survivor known




Star factory in
the Monkey Head

(Hubble)
Hubble's 24th
anniversary image



Mystery of
planet-forming
disk explained

(NASA JPL)
by magnetic
storms



Primordial
gravitational-wave
polarization
(B mode) detected!

first direct evidence for
Big Bang inflation...
("the biggest thing
since dark energy"...
"the greatest discovery
of the century"...
"Nobel prize
discovery")


scientific presentation &
 news conference

10:45 am - 1 pm
Monday 3/17


How the biggest
scientific discovery
of the year was
kept a secret

(Wired)


Interview with
Jamie Bock

(Caltech)
(since I taught him
astrophysics first)


Neil Turok urges
caution

(Physics World)

"‘extraordinary claims require
extraordinary evidence’,
and they don’t have
extraordinary evidence
just yet”




nontechnical links:

NY Times

New Scientist

Scientific American

Scientific American blog

Nature interview
with John Kovac



semi-technical links:
(uses physics & math):

Nature

Nature archive on
"Waves from the Big Bang"


Sky and Telescope

Of Particular Interest

Preposterous Universe


technical:

research  paper


Primordial Gravity
Waves and Cosmology

(Science)
the best pre-discovery
review of polarized
gravity waves

----------------------------------

360° view of
the Milky Way
unveiled

(Spitzer)
zoomable mosaic
is here
constructed from
2 million images



Just-discovered Einstein
manuscript suggests
continuous matter
creation to explain
expanding universe

(NPR)
but he later caught
his sign mistake,
and didn't publish



economics

A Nation of
Takers?

(NY Times)
but the evidence is
that the 'takers'
are rich people,
not the poor


science

Flies that do calculus
with their wings

(NY Times)
well, perhaps not
quite 'calculus'


new Nate Silver
site launches

(538)
from the guy who
predicted every
state correctly in
the 2012 election...
and now also
predicting sports,
science, & economics...
OK, maybe sports


craziness

Who's more famous
than Jesus?

(NY Times)
Aristotle and Plato,
apparently, but not
Socrates...
(do people at MIT have
nothing better to do?)


current events

Russia or us?
Who's the bully?

(Washington Post)
by an ex-ambassador
to the Soviet Union



rising adults

What the Duke
porn-star student says
about our culture

(Washington Post)
spoiler alert:
it's not a positive


The Overprotected
Kid

(Atlantic)
hey, parents, leave
those kids alone


spying & lying,
continued

latest Snowden
revelation:
NSA records all
calls in at least
one country, for
later playback

(Washington Post)
country not revealed,
bu apparently more
countries are on the
hit list




It's time to combat
NC education atrocities

(Raleigh N&O)


 two views of
Common Core:


pro
(Huffington Post)

con
(Diane Ravitch)


college admissions

April madness:
the problem with
college admissions

(Washington Post)

Inside the
admissions process
at GWU

(Washington Post)


opposite views
on a STEM shortage


The myth of the
science and
engineering shortage

(Atlantic)

and others say
the STEM shortage
is real

(Science)


early March 2014



first-ever alien rainbow
(New Scientist)
seen on Venus,
it may provide the
clue to the unknown
absorber in Venus's
atmosphere



How NASA is using
crowd-sourcing and
prizes to protect
Earth from asteroids

(Guardian)
oh, and this is better
than systematic
searches because?



Disintegration of
an asteroid

(Hubble)
cause:  sunlight?


A common origin
for Martian meteorites?

(New Scientist)
produced when the
giant Mojave crater
on Mars was formed



Is the boom in
finding the solar
system's dwarf
planets finally over?

(Scientific American)
the last big ones
were found in 2007




guide to the
5 visible planets
in March

(Earth & Sky)
Jupiter in the
evening;
Mars & Saturn
in the very late
evening or
early morning
Venus & Mercury
before dawn




The unexpectedly
complex (geologically speaking)

asteroid Hektor
(Astronomy)
the Trojan is
the only
asteroid with
its own moon


Watch the close
approach of
asteroid 2014 DX110
to Earth
Wednesday
night, 3/5/14

(Universe Today)
discovered
less than a week
ago, it
misses
Earth by about
27 Earth diameters
.... there's still a
1 in 10 million chance
for a direct hit in 2046

another NEO, CU13
passes by on Sunday,
3/9/14....
watch it here
















Largest yellow
supergiant
ever

(ESO)
larger than
Jupiter's orbit,
50% larger
than Betelgeuse



How to make
lanthanides or not

(Astrobites)
lanthanide-making
requires free neutrons
for the r process...
neutrons made by
antineutrino-irradiation
in neutron-star
mergers?



stray asteroid
encounters
pulsar beacon

(Sky & Telescope)



Overeating
in a stellar-
mass black hole?

(Sky & Telescope)
its kinetic power
exceeds the
Eddington limit;
perhaps black-hole
driven winds play
a larger role in
galactic evolution
than assumed?
Science magazine
abstract link



Death stars in
Orion blast
planets in the
making

(NRAO)



Every red dwarf
has at least one
orbiting planet

(Sky & Telescope)





Rumors of major
gravitational-wave
discovery

(Guardian)
a big deal, if true


Two roads through
the green valley

of galaxy colors
(Astrobites)
late-type galaxies
shut off star formation
due to running
out of gas...
early-type, as a
result of mergers



The fastest-approaching
object in the universe

(Scientific American)
a star cluster flung
toward us by
M87's SMBH



We need philosophers
to tackle the big
cosmic puzzles

(New Scientist)
no, that's the
last thing we need...
how about more
data instead?



Galaxy ripped apart
by its own cluster

(Hubble)
ram-pressure
stripping strikes again




Giant black
hole spinning
at ½ light speed

(Scientific American)
uhh, what exactly
is spinning at
  ½ c ??




Fingerprinting the
circumgalactic medium

(Sky & Telescope)
nearby dwarf galaxies'
composition are
strikingly pristine




A stellar-mass black hole
in M83 ate too much?

(Sky & Telescope)






Evidence that
plants get their
energy from
quantum entanglement?

(io9)
awesome


commentaries on
the late February
announcements
(occasioned by the
2014 UCLA
Dark Matter & Dark Energy

Symposium)
of possible evidence
for dark matter

(and 3 different types:
35-Gev or 10-Gev WIMPs
and a 7-kev sterile
neutrino):

X-rays from other
galaxies could emanate
from dark matter

(Science)
on the sterile neutrino
possibility


Fresh hint of dark
matter in neutrino search

(New Scientist)
on the sterile neutrino
possibility
 

Dark matter
developments

(Preposterous Universe)
on both WIMP and
sterile neutrino possibilities


Case for dark matter
signal strengthens

(Quanta)
on the WIMP possibility

____________________

 
the actual papers:

Gamma-ray signal
from central Milky Way:
A compelling case
for annihilating
dark matter

(arXiv)


Are x-rays from
other galaxies
signs of dark
matter decay?

(Science)
3.5-kev line present
in 73 galaxy
supercluster spectra
due to annihilation
of 7-kev sterile neutrinos
....

plus independent
confirmation by
another group who
observed the same line
in the Perseus cluster
and the Andromeda galaxy

____________________

slides from the DMDE
Symposium talks:



slides from the
sterile neutrino
DMDE symposium talk



slides from the
Milky Way γ-ray emission

DMDE symposium talk


____________________

the big questions:
why aren't these
showing up at the LHC
or in direct detection
experiments?

____________________

Did dark matter
kill the dinosaurs?

(Nature)
sun's passage through
dark-matter disk
responsible for
mass extinctions?


Broaden the search
for dark matter

(Nature)
searches need to
be broader:
heavier particles,
SUSY particles,
axions, time-
dependent effects



science

8 things we don't
know about the
universe

(Scientific American)
why is it's there,
dark matter & energy,
the quantum world,
human biology,
etc.


A new physics
theory of life

(Quanta)
or at least its
origin and evolution...
it's thermodynamics


'LASERs to
beam our minds
into space soon'

(Wired)
please let it be
after I'm dead


___________

the new 'Cosmos'

 

Comos starts Sunday
3/9/14 on Fox &

NatGeo channels

 Neil deGrasse Tyson
and the reboot of
the Cosmos series

(NY Times)

Cosmos: a fond return
to the vastness of space

(Washington Post)

Why Carl Sagan
is  truly irreplacable

(Smithsonian)

4 things Tyson
gets 'wrong'
in just the first hour

ignore the
bizarre 5th ...
but, what's worse,
it was boring
___________


When trilobites
ruled the world

(NY Times)

Take a breath and
thank a sponge

(NY Times)
for the rise of
atmospheric oxygen



math

Using math to tell if
your relationship
will  last

(Salon)
   L = 8 + .5Y – .2P
    + .9Hm + .3Mf + J
    – .3G – .5(Sm – Sf)2 
+ I + 1.5C

of course.


'The experience
of mathematical
beauty and its
neural correlates'

(Frontiers in
Neuroscience)

or, Equations
are Art inside a
Mathematician's
Brain


Progress in solving
the Navier-Stokes
equations?

(Quanta)
one of the
7  greatest
unsolved modern
math problems

not math?

Voynich mystery
manuscript gets
an alphabet

(New Scientist)
whether the
manuscript is a
long-lost language
or
gibberish is
still being debated

Why scholars can't
resist the Voynich
Manuscript

(Boston Globe)

 
rising
adults

Inside the
Millenial Mind

(Raleigh N&O)
the selfie
generation



Silicon Valley's
youth problem

(NY Times)
and the developing
cultural divide
in America


The Dark Power
of Fraternities

(The Atlantic)
how much more rape
and paralytic injury
can we afford?


Want to fix
fraternities?
Ban booze

(Washington Post)
duh...
ΦΔΘ has already done it


current events

There is no meritocracy.
The power of othe 1%

(Salon)
and how Obama
walked away from
the problem he
promised to fix


North Carolina's
toxi
c future
(Bloomberg)
both literally and
figuratively:
what the
Republican
immoral majority
has wrought

DENR regulator cuts
jarring in wake of
Dan River spill

(Raleigh N&O)
environmental
job cuts,
weakened regulations,
unspent money
since Republicans
gained power


Why Putin
doesn't respect us

(NY Times)
and what we
can do about it:
raise gas taxes



The Last Days of
Blackbeard

(Smithsonian)

 







Letter grades
deserve an "F"

(Atlantic)
as if you will ever
get everyone to
agree on the
meaning and purpose
of grades


NC teacher salaries
remain 46th in nation

(Raleigh N&O)
$10,500 below average &
$30,000 less than NY...

and it's interesting that
NC is 46th in % of teachers
that are male (20%)...
(and why is it that the
bottom 10 states -- in terms
of % of teachers that are
male -- are all in the South?

salary info on
page 19 of the NEA report



To keep teenagers alert,
schools (should)
start later

(NY Times)
moving the start
of school to 9 am




The Story Behind
the SAT Overhaul

(NY Times) 
losing  students
to the ACT,
catering to the rich,
and increasingly
deemed irrelevant



how the SAT favors
the rich and
well-educated

(Washington Post)
4 graphs

SAT sarcasm light
SAT sarcasm heavier



Wake County
opposes
elimination of
teacher tenure

(Raleigh N&O)
Durham County
expected to
follow suit


College Crisis:
the great unleveler

(Raleigh N&O))
higher education
is reinforcing,
not reducing,
inequality



An Era of Neglect:
How Higher Education
got to a Tipping Point

(Chronicle of
Higher Education)
how public colleges
were crowded out,
beaten up, and
failed to fight back



(Washington Post)

previous astro/culture updates

from 2014

january-february 2014


from 2013:

november-december 2013

september-october 2013

july-august 2013 

may-june 2013

march-april 2013